The American Medical Association (AMA), endorses the right of physicians to engage in collective bargaining, but it does not maintain statistics on union membership, which complicates efforts to understand the scope of participation within the profession.
The Union of American Physicians and Dentists (UAPD), an AFSCME local affiliated with the AFL-CIO, represents more than 7,000 licensed doctors and advanced practice clinicians, most in California and Washington, but the group is helping to organize physician unions in other states as well.